basically no.
html is just a markup language to make text look pretty.
javascript is a localised machine language that does things locally.
browser don't listen, they request.
in order to do this, you'd have to have one machine send data to a centralised place, (like a chat server) and have the other browser constantly poll the server for updates.
and you'll likely want to use PHP to have the server accept information pushed to it by the clients.