VMs and Viruses

Depends on the malware in question, how it spreads, and if you have networking/shared storage or any extra features enabled on your VM.

For example, if you have network sharing available on your VM from your host and the malware can spread via network shares...then yes it's possible it could spread to your host PC. Or if you have drives shared from the host PC to the VM, and the malware spreads via storage...then again yes it could spread to your host PC.
 
Yup, unless the VM is segmented it acts just like any other PC node on your network.

It really depends on what type of infection you are talking about. Either way the short answer is yes, it's just like any other device on the network. If your Host PC gets infected it can corrupt a VM file or encrypt it depending on the infection - alternatively if your VM gets infected it can jump from the network on the VM to your Host PC or other network devices.
 
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