You can try to turn off the firewall for few minutes for installing Edge or whitelist "msedge.api.cdp.microsoft.com" Try the good old restarting Windows trick, Could work!
Windows 10 end of life is October 14, 2025, which is about 3 years away. I'm still not using Windows 11 on my primary work machines. I'll recommend you go with Windows 10 at the point